写的:
癌症免疫学首席科学家，
澳门在线赌城娱乐
澳门在线赌城娱乐执行董事，肿瘤微环境主管
在澳门第一赌城在线娱乐对创新的不懈追求中, we strive to gain a deeper understanding of disease biology with the aim of identifying new ways to target and treat cancer. 当澳门第一赌城在线娱乐展望未来 免疫肿瘤(IO)疗法 we are asking questions about the interactions of cancer cells with the immune system, the role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in cancer progression.
什么是肿瘤微环境?
Tumours develop in complex microenvironments that facilitate critical steps in cancer formation, 入侵和传播.1 This has led researchers to conclude that the "tumour microenvironment is not just a silent bystander, 而是癌症进展的积极促进者”(Truffi et al .).， 2020)，这可能会影响治疗的成功.1 One aspect of our research focuses on the potential to manipulate the TME to encourage anti-tumour immune responses.2,3
探讨髓系细胞在TME中的作用
Myeloid cells are an essential part of the body’s innate immune response,4 and play a major role in promoting the recognition and elimination of tumour cells while leaving healthy cells unharmed.5
在TME中, the accumulation of tumour-associated myeloid cells with immunosuppressive properties has been associated with poor patient outcomes and treatment resistance, 使它们成为有希望的治疗靶点.6 然而，需要进一步的研究来释放它们的潜力.
As we gain more insight into the role of different myeloid cell populations, it’s evident that understanding both the disease-stage and tissue-specific role of myeloid cells is critical to developing myeloid-targeted medicines. We recently published a comprehensive review of our learnings to date:6
Myeloid cells have the ability to adapt and respond differently across tissue compartments, making it challenging to define their role in cancer and target them therapeutically. 它们的可塑性反映了它们的原生角色, during which they regulate an ongoing immune response in an agile way and optimise the host defence by turning on, 或抑制, 促炎症通路.7
在癌症, this plasticity helps differentiate myeloid cells into myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) as part of the pathological activation that takes place in the TME, 使癌细胞能够逃避免疫系统.7 在澳门第一赌城在线娱乐最近发表的文章中，澳门第一赌城在线娱乐确定了一种新的机制, 脂质过氧化作用, 作为病理激活背后的主要驱动因素.7
The impact of ferroptosis on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs)
有了这些知识, 很明显，澳门第一赌城在线娱乐需要尽早瞄准髓细胞, before they differentiate into MDSCs and develop immune-suppressive properties.
澳门第一赌城在线娱乐正在探索的另一个有希望的新机制是铁下垂, a type of regulated cell death that occurs exclusively in the TME and is associated with 脂质过氧化作用. 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的研究表明 铁下垂使骨髓细胞更具免疫抑制性 在小鼠中，使免疫检查点抑制剂的效果降低.8
据澳门第一赌城在线娱乐所知, this is the first time that the immune suppressive role of ferroptosis has been proposed in cancer.
在以下视频中了解更多关于铁下垂如何影响癌症的信息:
骨髓细胞过氧亚硝酸盐的靶向治疗
Some cancer immunotherapies depend on T cells targeting specific antigens on the surface of cancer cells. 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐最近发现了一种强效氧化剂, 称为过氧亚硝酸盐(PNT), 由TME中的骨髓细胞产生, can alter these antigens and help cancer cells evade immunotherapies.9
澳门第一赌城在线娱乐证明了 therapeutic targeting of PNT can reduce tumour resistance to cytotoxic T cells 在老鼠身上，为设计新的癌症治疗方法创造了新的途径.9
Discover our thoughts on targeting PNT production to enhance future immunotherapies in the below video:
骨髓细胞在形成抗肿瘤反应中的未来
随着澳门第一赌城在线娱乐对骨髓细胞的了解越来越多, 它有助于扩大澳门第一赌城在线娱乐对癌症治疗方法的认识, for example by blocking myeloid cell migration into the TME and by limiting their interplay with NK cells involved in immunosurveillance. 通过这些努力, 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐希望为临床提供新的药物组合, 改善早期疾病的治疗效果.
加入澳门第一赌城在线娱乐，澳门第一赌城在线娱乐将继续探索TME
澳门第一赌城在线娱乐欢迎, talented scientists to join us on what promises to be one of the most exciting, 21世纪医学的刺激和有益之旅.
全球肿瘤学领域的领导者, we are growing a differentiated pipeline to address a range of tumour types associated with significant unmet need. There are limitless opportunities to make your mark, take smart risks and pioneer new ideas. 不同的经验和方法, our team shares a passion to follow the science and bring life-changing medicines to people across the globe.
We recruit scientists with relevant expertise to join us in our state-of-the-art research facilities in 英国剑桥, 盖瑟斯堡,美国.
